Isolated storms possible: The Storm Prediction Center has a Slight Risk (2 of 5) for parts of Iowa, Arkansas and Missouri today.
An 850 mb jet of about 32 kt near Williamsburg, IA drives moisture transport and enlarges low-level shear and 0-1 km SRH, which reaches 110 m2/s2 at Exira, IA. However, the environment is sharply limited by weak mid-level instability: across Iowa, Arkansas, Missouri and Minnesota, MLCAPE runs mostly 0 to 300 J/kg, with MLCIN at 0 J/kg median. At the strongest point near Exira, MLCAPE sits at 0 J/kg while MUCAPE reaches only 850 J/kg. Low-level moisture is modest, with PWAT mostly 0.9 to 1.7 inches across the region. Strong deep-layer westerly flow, with 500 mb winds near 58 kt and 250 mb winds reaching 119 kt, provides storm-motion support and enhanced shear, yet the overall magnitude of instability constrains severe potential.
Uncertainty centers on the degree of airmass destabilization as clouds and precipitation interact with relatively warm low to mid-level temperatures. The modest buoyancy observed in the HRRR suggests overall magnitude and coverage of severe potential may remain limited.
Updated 10:41 a.m. CDT
Deep moisture arrives: The Weather Prediction Center has a Slight Risk (2 of 4) for parts of Oklahoma and Texas today.
An 850 mb jet of about 33 kt from the southwest near Boise City, Oklahoma, drives a surge of Gulf moisture northward into the Southern Plains, with PWAT mostly 1.4 to 2.2 inches across Oklahoma and Texas and dewpoints 67 to 76°F at the surface. MUCAPE ranges from 500 to 1,700 J/kg across much of the region, climbing to 3,250 J/kg in isolated pockets. Steep mid-level lapse rates (6.4 to 7.0 C/km from 700 to 500 mb) enhance the instability. Bulk shear of 15 to 25 kt in the 0-6 km layer is marginal for organized severe convection but sufficient to sustain training storms and backbuilding cells. Southwesterly flow at 18 to 37 kt through the mid-levels may steer storm clusters from west to east.
Updated 10:21 a.m. CDT
Slow and uncertain: Hurricane Simon has positioned itself on the south side of a steering saddle point, resulting in a very slow westward drift of 2 mph and a substantially southward shift in the National Hurricane Center track forecast. The storm, located 105 miles west of Cabo Corrientes, maintains 90 mph maximum sustained winds but faces low-confidence forecasts for both track and intensity over the next five days.
Simon sits at 20.3N 107.3W with a central pressure of 977 mb and is moving west at 2 mph. Satellite imagery this morning shows a small, open eyewall with -65 to -70 C cold cloud tops, though satellite intensity estimates range widely from 47 kt to 95 kt, reflecting uncertainty in the small circulation. The hurricane weakened from 110 mph 24 hours earlier and now holds 90 mph with hurricane-force winds extending 10 miles from center and tropical-storm-force winds to 45 miles.
Simon is expected to move very slowly over the next 36 to 48 hours, potentially making a small cyclonic loop, before deep-layer steering finally begins to shift and allow northward motion by the 48-72 hour window. The intensity forecast shows the hurricane maintaining 90 mph through 48 hours, then weakening to 85 mph by 60 hours and 80 mph by 72 hours as southwesterly vertical wind shear increases. Between 96 and 120 hours, Simon could reach the Mexican coast as a tropical storm or post-tropical low, though the track forecast should be considered very low confidence, with solutions ranging from landfall in mainland Mexico to impacts on Baja California Sur to remaining south of Mexico entirely.
Simon sits very close to a saddle point in the deep-layer steering flow, making its future track extremely sensitive to which side of that feature it occupies. The storm has gained very little latitude in 24 hours and now finds itself on the south side, necessitating a substantially southward shift from the prior track. Low vertical shear over the next 48 hours and sea-surface temperatures in the 29-30 C range support intensity maintenance, though Simon's slow motion could induce cool ocean upwelling, with subsurface waters at 28 C to about 80 meters depth based on ocean glider data. The small inner-core structure makes Simon sensitive to environmental changes that could produce rapid intensity fluctuations in either direction. After 48 hours, a deep-layer cutoff low digging into southern California should push steering flow out of the south, allowing northward motion. The intensity guidance envelope is extremely wide this morning, ranging from tropical depression weakness to major hurricane reintensification over 48-60 hours, reflecting the uncertainty inherent in forecasting a small hurricane in a complex steering environment.
A Hurricane Watch is in effect for north of Escuinapa to Bahia Tempehuaya and Las Islas Marias. A Tropical Storm Watch covers Cabo Corrientes to Escuinapa. Hurricane conditions are possible for Las Islas Marias on Wednesday and mainland Mexico on Thursday, with tropical storm conditions possible by Wednesday. Rainfall of 1 to 2 inches with isolated maxima of 3 inches is expected over portions of Baja California Sur, Nayarit, and Sinaloa by Friday. Life-threatening surf and rip current conditions are likely from swells generated by Simon affecting southwestern and west-central Mexico. Those in watch areas should monitor products issued by Mexico's national meteorological service.
CHANGES WITH THIS ADVISORY: The government of Mexico has changed the Hurricane Warning to a Hurricane Watch for Las Islas Marias. SUMMARY OF WATCHES AND WARNINGS IN EFFECT: A Hurricane Watch is in effect for... * North of Escuinapa to Bahia Tempehuaya * Las Islas Marias A Tropical Storm Watch is in effect for... * Cabo Corrientes to Escuinapa A Hurricane Watch means that hurricane conditions are possible within the watch area, generally within 48 hours. A Tropical Storm Watch means that tropical storm conditions are possible within the watch area, generally within 48 hours. Interests elsewhere in west-central Mexico and in Baja California Sur should continue to monitor as changes to watches and warnings are possible today. For storm information specific to your area, please monitor products issued by your national meteorological service.
| Forecast | Valid | Winds | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Now | Tue 10/13/26 8 a.m. MST | 90 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 12 hr | Tue 10/13/26 5 p.m. MST | 90 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 24 hr | Wed 10/14/26 5 a.m. MST | 90 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 36 hr | Wed 10/14/26 5 p.m. MST | 90 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 48 hr | Thu 10/15/26 5 a.m. MST | 90 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 60 hr | Thu 10/15/26 5 p.m. MST | 85 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 72 hr | Fri 10/16/26 5 a.m. MST | 80 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 96 hr | Sat 10/17/26 5 a.m. MST | 65 mph | tropical storm |
| 120 hr | Sun 10/18/26 5 a.m. MST | 35 mph | Post-Trop/Inland |
The next advisory will assess whether Simon has stalled further or begun its forecasted slow westward drift with possible cyclonic looping. Track and intensity forecast confidence remain very low, and changes to watches and warnings are possible later today based on forecast trends. Interests in west-central Mexico and Baja California Sur should monitor closely for updates.
If you are in a watch or warning area, follow guidance from local officials and your National Weather Service office.
Updated Tue 10/13/26 8:06 a.m. MST
Heat and moisture build: The Storm Prediction Center has a Slight Risk (2 of 5) for parts of Oklahoma and Texas today.
An upper trough displaced to the northwest leaves much of Oklahoma and Texas beneath a ridge, limiting synoptic forcing. The region sits capped: median MLCIN runs -120 J/kg, requiring weakening inhibition or strong lifting to initiate surface-based storms. An 850 mb jet of about 33 kt northeast of Boise City, OK drives moisture transport and enlarges low-level shear. MLCAPE across Oklahoma and Texas ranges mostly 400 to 1,300 J/kg, with 0-6 km bulk shear 15 to 25 kt and 0-1 km SRH 50 to 175 m2/s2. The strongest overlap occurs 13 mi WNW of Normangee, TX: MLCAPE 1,200 J/kg, 0-6 km bulk shear 25 kt, 0-1 km SRH 70 m2/s2, and LCL 1,000 ft. Surface dewpoints reach 82°F at Sinton, with 236 stations reporting 65°F or higher.
The timing and intensity of lifting mechanisms that overcome the regional cap will determine whether storms remain isolated or organize into stronger cells over the region.
Updated 10:00 a.m. CDT
New system south of Mexico: Tropical Depression Twenty-One-E has formed in the East Pacific about 540 miles southeast of Acapulco. The National Hurricane Center forecasts rapid intensification over the next three days, with the system reaching major hurricane strength by Friday.
The depression is centered near 9.8N 96.5W with maximum sustained winds of 35 mph and a central pressure of 1006 mb. Satellite shows large areas of banded deep convection north and east of the low-level center; an OSCAT pass this morning revealed a closed circulation, though still broad and somewhat elongated with weak winds within 75 nautical miles of center. The convective organization and curved banding have increased over the past several hours, and the circulation has tightened. The system is moving northwest at 10 mph.
A west-northwestward to northwestward motion should continue through Wednesday night while a mid-level ridge persists over the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. After day 2, a turn to the northwest or north-northwest is likely as the ridge weakens, with a decrease in forward speed expected as the cyclone enters weaker steering currents. Track forecast spread is larger than normal from day 3 to 5; several ensemble members show the system potentially making landfall in southwestern or west-central Mexico as a hurricane over the weekend, though confidence in the track is low beyond day 3. Intensity is forecast to reach tropical storm strength by Tuesday evening, 60 mph by Wednesday morning, Category 1 hurricane status by Wednesday evening, and Category 4 strength by Friday morning, with peak winds near 140 mph by Saturday.
Sea surface temperatures in the depression's path exceed 28 degrees Celsius, and vertical wind shear is light over the next 72 hours. Steady strengthening is forecast over the next 24 hours as the system develops a convective core, followed by rapid intensification during the 24 to 72 hour window. The ECMWF-based SHIPS guidance forecasts a 74 percent chance of a 65-knot increase over 72 hours; the NHC forecast shows 85 knots of strengthening over that same period and is slightly below the HCCA and Google DeepMind ensemble mean in the short term but very near both beyond day 2. The HAFS-A and HAFS-B models strengthen the cyclone to Category 4, with 36 of 50 Google DeepMind members reaching Category 4 or stronger. Beyond day 4, increasing vertical wind shear and potential land interaction could induce weakening; most guidance shows intensity loss after day 4.
Swells generated by Tropical Depression Twenty-One-E are expected to begin affecting portions of the coast of southern Mexico late this week, likely causing life-threatening surf and rip current conditions. Interests in southwestern and west-central Mexico should monitor the storm's progress.
| Forecast | Valid | Winds | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Now | Tue 10/13/26 10 a.m. CDT | 35 mph | tropical depression |
| 12 hr | Tue 10/13/26 7 p.m. CDT | 45 mph | tropical storm |
| 24 hr | Wed 10/14/26 7 a.m. CDT | 60 mph | tropical storm |
| 36 hr | Wed 10/14/26 7 p.m. CDT | 75 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 48 hr | Thu 10/15/26 7 a.m. CDT | 90 mph | Category 1 hurricane |
| 60 hr | Thu 10/15/26 7 p.m. CDT | 115 mph | Category 3 hurricane |
| 72 hr | Fri 10/16/26 7 a.m. CDT | 130 mph | Category 4 hurricane |
| 96 hr | Sat 10/17/26 7 a.m. CDT | 140 mph | Category 4 hurricane |
| 120 hr | Sun 10/18/26 7 a.m. CDT | 120 mph | Category 3 hurricane |
The next advisory will assess tightening of the low-level circulation and convective development as the system begins intensification. Model consensus and track forecast confidence may improve as the system continues to organize.
Updated Tue 10/13/26 9:56 a.m. CDT
Mountain snow arrives: A mid-level low will push from Nevada into Colorado by Wednesday and reach the central Plains by Thursday, delivering snow to high terrain across the region. The heaviest accumulation will remain above 9000 to 10000 feet, where probabilities for at least 8 additional inches exceed 50%.
The upper-level system moves eastward from Nevada, with snow levels starting high at 8000 to 10000 feet before gradually lowering to 6500 to 9000 feet as the low passes overhead. HRRR analysis shows 500 mb winds of 73 kt near La Veta, Colorado and 250 mb winds of 134 kt, supporting vigorous upper-level flow. Surface temperatures across most of the region run 38 to 70°F, but the coldest air aloft remains confined to the high country: profiles stay below freezing through the column near South Fork, Colorado, and wind chills as low as 14°F sit near Silverton, Colorado. The strongest 850 mb wind reaches 40 kt from the west-southwest, driving moisture and lift toward elevated terrain. As the upper low moves directly overhead, lighter snow accumulations could fall as low as 7000 or 8000 feet.
How far down the elevation range accumulations extend could depend on how the upper low tracks directly over the highest peaks and lowers snow levels. If it weakens or tracks slightly faster than forecast, lighter amounts could remain confined to terrain above 9000 feet; if it stalls or deepens slightly, accumulations may reach lower passes.
Updated 9:40 a.m. CDT
Deep moisture, slow movers: A Slight Risk of excessive rainfall covers northeast to southeast Kansas as scattered to numerous thunderstorms develop late this afternoon through early evening. Storm coverage peaks in the early morning hours, with the primary hazard being heavy rainfall and localized flooding from slow-moving convection.
A weak surface reflection off the Colorado Front Range and a defined cold front stretching through central Nebraska may move very slowly as diffluent upper flow maximizes ascent south of I-80. The upper jet core aligns well over the Central Plains, with additional energy from the eastern Pacific and the western periphery of Hurricane Simon feeding into the High Plains. PWAT reaches 1.80 inches near Herington, Kansas, with most of the region holding 0.5 to 1.4 inches, supporting deep moisture transport. An 850 mb jet of 40 kt west-southwest of Inman, Kansas drives moisture delivery and enhances low-level shear; 0-6 km bulk shear runs 40 to 80 kt. MUCAPE is modest at 0 to 800 J/kg across most of the area, reaching 2,600 J/kg in isolated spots, limiting severe potential but allowing organized convection to tap into the available moisture.
The main uncertainty hinges on the exact placement and speed of the cold front and how slowly storms move once initiated. Small shifts in the front position or changes in storm-motion speed could significantly alter where training and peak rainfall rates occur.
Updated 9:20 a.m. CDT
Scattered storms today: The Storm Prediction Center has a Slight Risk (2 of 5) for parts of Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska and Wyoming today.
A cold front is pushing southeastward across the region, with an 850 mb jet of about 40 kt driving moisture transport and low-level shear. The HRRR analysis shows MLCAPE mostly 0 to 400 J/kg across Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska and Wyoming, but stronger upper-level winds reach 73 kt at 500 mb and 134 kt at 250 mb. The 850-300 mb mean wind runs 37 to 54 kt, favoring storm motion. Low-level shear is substantial: 0-6 km bulk shear mostly 40 to 80 kt and 0-1 km SRH mostly 50 to 250 m2/s2. The strongest overlap near Osborne, KS shows SCP of 4.3 and 0-1 km SRH of 220 m2/s2, though MLCAPE at the surface is suppressed to 0 J/kg by a cap. LCL heights mostly 500 to 3,250 ft, with DCAPE reaching 1,050 to 1,600 J/kg, support organized downdrafts. PWAT ranges 0.5 to 1.4 in, limiting moisture for training rain.
Forecasters note uncertainty in how readily near-surface destabilization overcomes the cap and how quickly the cold front lifts northward. If destabilization lags, storm mode and severity could shift toward QLCS structures with an emphasis on wind rather than tornadoes.
Updated 9:00 a.m. CDT
The first bigger snowstorm of the season is set to impact portions of the Rockies over the next 72 hours, with totals on peaks in some ranges over a foot. A strong upper trough is moving nearly overhead with cool temperatures aloft, which will help lower snow levels to as low as 6000’ in some locations, enough to reach some valley floors. The heaviest totals are likely in the San Juans in southern Colorado. Some snow could reach portions of the Sangre De Cristo mountains in Northern New Mexico as well.

Heavy rainfall swept: The flood day (10/12/26) brought 2 flash flood warnings.
The flood event unfolded across the Southwest as heavy rainfall moved through the region. Two flash flood warnings were issued by the National Weather Service across Arizona and Utah, with activity spanning from early morning into the overnight hours. One flood report was logged during the event as precipitation impacted the area.
The National Weather Service issued 2 flash flood warnings across Arizona and Utah during the event.
Updated 7:00 a.m. MDT
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